Baptised: 14 December 1640
1) can you identify the who is the actually rover ? Illustrate with their behaviour find out who is actually rover ?
The Rover's central character is the rakish libertine Willmore, who falls in love with every woman he sees – one character describes him as a 'rogue … stark mad for a wench' – including Helena, a young noblewoman supposed to be about to enter a nunnery, and Angellica, a courtesan.
Willmore is called so not just because of his travelling, but also because of his roving eye. He constantly lusts for women, and seeks out different ways to seduce them, leaving a trail of broken hearts wherever he goes.
* Lusts for women:
He constantly lusts for women, and seeks out different ways to seduce them, leaving a trail of broken hearts wherever he goes. Reckless and rash, Willmore often quarrels with other men, and is quick to draw his sword. During the play, he wins the love of both the noble, unladylike, intelligent Hellena and the high-priced courtesan Angelica. Witty and charming, Willmore also has a dark side, which becomes obvious when he almost rapes Florinda, the beloved of his friend Belvile. Although he eventually vows to marry Hellena, his intellectual equal, it is difficult to believe that wedding vows will end Willmore’s promiscuous behavior.
Thus ,we can say that the actually rover was willmore in the play.
2) can we say that this play was focusing on women's situation of that time ? Give critical note on this argument.
* Women's situation in the play :
In Aphra Behn’s “The Rover”, between the categories of virgin and whore lies a void rather than a spectrum. The three leading ladies of the play Hellena, Florinda and Angellica most certainly fall into these categories; Hellena and Florinda being virginal ladies of quality and Angellica being a famous courtesan. These three women attempt to challenge these roles throughout the play. Aphra Behn uses the domination of the men over the women, the objectification of the women and the double standards that exist between men and women to illustrate the impossibility of taking one’s sexuality into one’s own hands, and challenging the assigned roles of the patriarchal society for the female characters in the play.
However, Florinda does not argue against the marriage to Antonio saying that she “has no defense to Antonio’s love” because the only reason she does not want to be with him is her own feelings, which unfortunately do not account for much. Once their brother leaves, Florinda devises a plan to meet with Belville, in hopes of running away with him .
Above the information we can say that this play was focusing on the woman's situation of that time .
3) women are justified by their clothes ? They are noble or prostitute .what do you think ? Can clothes gives us Identity ?
As we know that clothes are closely connected to the identity of the persons like all countries have a perticullar dress for its identity . Same here connection to clothes are connected to the men but it can't justify the person.
So that's the clear that women can not be justified by their clothes . Women have their own right to wear clothes according theirs desire. If any women likes a western dress then she should follow her likens and no one should prevent her for doing like that. By their clothes one should not decide that she is noble or prostitude, because clothes are not connected to their inner soul.
4)Carnival life is different from our society's life . Do you agree with this statement.
Italian cities such as Venice and Naples (where The Rover takes place) were famed for their Carnivals, huge, city-wide festivals during which many of the rules of ordinary life were temporarily suspended. Within the play, Carnival symbolizes a world of inverted values and freedom in which noblewomen can roam the streets and impoverished cavaliers can court them and win their hands. Yet the world of the Carnival—a world without consequences—is not without its dark side.
Predators such as Willmore and Blunt take advantage of the free-for-all atmosphere in order to accost and even assault women, while belligerent men often end up dueling each other on the streets.
In depicting both the positive and dark sides of Carnival, Behn is displaying both the comic and the troubling aspects of the topsy-turvy, consequence-free genre of Restoration Comedy.
Some of the similarity we can see both in carnival life and also society life .
5} can you identify the meaning
5.1) Mask,
5.2) Gypsy,
5.3) Carnival.
How this words are use in this play.
1) mask :
Hellena, Florinda, and the cavaliers all use masks and disguises in order to plan and carry out their various liaisons. On a deeper level, however, masks represent the confusion of identity that takes place within this play. Willmore and Hellena fall in love without even knowing each other’s names.
Belvile, meanwhile, repeatedly does not recognize Florinda even when she is right in front of him. Masks, therefore, are emblems of confusion and deception, and proof that identity is not as stable or singular as it seems.
2) gypsy:
Gypsy means , "A person who roams about without a fixed route or destination."
Rover is a synonym for gypsy in vagrant topic. In some cases you can use "Rover" instead a noun "Gypsy", when it comes to topics like nomad, traveller.
In the story three women character are wandering as Gypsy . Willmore is representative of rover and same here girls are also have same meaning as they become gypsy and goes one place to other with hiding themselves.
3) carnival:
Carnival symbolizes a world of inverted values and freedom in which noblewomen can roam the streets and impoverished cavaliers can court them and win their hands. Yet the world of the Carnival—a world without consequences—is not without its dark side.
{6}According to your reading marriage or victimization of prostitution or women condition is important themes of this drama ?
* Victimization of prostitute :
The Rover is a dark comedy that mixes themes of prostitution and rape with comic buffoonery. The play expresses its author's objections to the vulnerability of women in Restoration society. Perhaps ironically, it also appeals to the prurient interests of the audience by putting women in morally compromising situations.
* Marriage :
The plot of "The Rover" revolves around love, courtship, and marriage; most characters spend the entirety of the play either chasing after a personal love interest, or else orchestrating matrimonial arrangements for others. Consider, for example, Florinda and Belvile’s mutual efforts to be together, Hellena’s persistent pursuit of Willmore, or Don Pedro’s exhausting—and ultimately futile—efforts to set Florinda up with Don Antonio.
Throughout "The Rover," each character pursues his or her respective ideal of romance and partnership, and it is through these efforts that we may come to better understand the ways in which the union between a man and woman—either in the informal sense of love, or the formal bond of matrimony—was conceived of in the seventeenth century, when Aphra Behn penned her most successful play.
* Women's condition
In “The Rover”, Female identity and value are indivisible from female sexuality. There are only three roles a woman can take, and all of them are directly related to a women's sexuality. Women are classified as either women of quality, or whores, and can either be wives, nuns or prostitutes.
Yes ,above the themes are very important for this drama.
7}Is it historical drama ? Illustrate with appropriate argument . If you are agree with this statement.
One of Aphra Behn’s most successful and celebrated plays, The Rover is a classic Restoration comedy, dealing with the romantic intrigues of a group of English gentlemen on holiday in Naples over carnival weekend. It is set during the Interregnum, and its subtitle, The Banished Cavaliers, is a reference to Royalists who had gone into exile along with Charles II.
The Rover’s central character is the rakish libertine Willmore, who falls in love with every woman he sees – one character describes him as a ‘rogue … stark mad for a wench’ – including Helena, a young noblewoman supposed to be about to enter a nunnery, and Angellica, a courtesan. Meanwhile Helena’s sister Florinda is in love with the English Colonel Belvile, but her brother Don Antonio has sworn her hand to his friend Don Pedro. The plot unfolds around various bed-tricks, unrequited loves across differences of class and culture and cases of mistaken identity. It is written in a mixture of verse and prose, and is full of innuendos and satirical references to English society, though it is set in Naples.
Ultimately, the play ends with most of its main characters married or paired off, and Willmore has the final lines, uttered just before he is led off to his own wedding ceremony: ‘no other dangers can they dread, / Who venture in the storms o’ th’ marriage bed’.
The Rover is also related to the Charles 2 period who is the king at the time . At that time country celebrate perticullar function in the country wearing a mask. And the story also connect with that Cavaliers. Which shows the historical elements.
If the story written in Charles 2 time and it's tells a story of Cavaliers and willmore who is the Rover of the story represents John Wilmot and protagonist represents Ben's own lover John Hoyle , it all content make us to believe that the the drama is historical in its way.
{ The Rover is also related to the Charles 2 period who is the king at the time . At that time country celebrate perticullar function in the country wearing a mask. And the story also connect with that Cavaliers. Which shows the historical elements.
If the story written in Charles 2 time and it's tells a story of Cavaliers and willmore who is the Rover of the story represents John Wilmot and protagonist represents Ben's own lover John Hoyle , it all content make us to believe that the the drama is historical in its way.
{8}In Carnival so many people have hidden their identity why? What thay are hiding ? What was the purpose behind that ?
The Rover is also related to the Charles 2 period who is the king at the time . At that time country celebrate perticullar function in the country wearing a mask. And the story also connect with that Cavaliers. Which shows the historical elements.
If the story written in Charles 2 time and it's tells a story of Cavaliers and willmore who is the Rover of the story represents John Wilmot and protagonist represents Ben's own lover John Hoyle , it all content make us to believe that the the drama is historical in its way.
{8}In Carnival so many people have hidden their identity why? What thay are hiding ? What was the purpose behind that ?The Rover is also related to the Charles 2 period who is the king at the time . At that time country celebrate perticullar function in the country wearing a mask. And the story also connect with that Cavaliers. Which shows the historical elements.
If the story written in Charles 2 time and it's tells a story of Cavaliers and willmore who is the Rover of the story represents John Wilmot and protagonist represents Ben's own lover John Hoyle , it all content make us to believe that the the drama is historical in its way.
{8}In Carnival so many people have hidden their identity why? What thay are hiding ? What was the purpose behind that ?
The Rover is also related to the Charles 2 period who is the king at the time . At that time country celebrate perticullar function in the country wearing a mask. And the story also connect with that Cavaliers. Which shows the historical elements.
If the story written in Charles 2 time and it's tells a story of Cavaliers and willmore who is the Rover of the story represents John Wilmot and protagonist represents Ben's own lover John Hoyle , it all content make us to believe that the the drama is historical in its way.
{8}In Carnival so many people have hidden their identity why? What thay are hiding ? What was the purpose behind that ?
The Rover is also related to the Charles 2 period who is the king at the time . At that time country celebrate perticullar function in the country wearing a mask. And the story also connect with that Cavaliers. Which shows the historical elements.
If the story written in Charles 2 time and it's tells a story of Cavaliers and willmore who is the Rover of the story represents John Wilmot and protagonist represents Ben's own lover John Hoyle , it all content make us to believe that the the drama is historical in its way.
{8}In Carnival so many people have hidden their identity why? What thay are hiding ? What was the purpose behind that ?
Carnival is a festival that happens over a few days, usually just before Lent, in February or March. Because traditionally many people go on a fast during Lent, giving up meat, sugar or other foods and drink, carnival is an opportunity to enjoy these treats for the last time.
It is a time to celebrate and party, with music and dancing in the streets. Some people believe that carnival is actually older than the Christian period of Lent, and that it started as the Roman festival of Saturnalia.
Masks have always been an essential component of the Venetian carnival. Carnival started as a time for celebration where all social classes would mingle, and the fact of wearing a mask offered a unique possibility to remain anonymous, enjoying the advantages that such condition brought with it.
The main feature of the Venice Carnival has always been the stunning masquerade costumes and masks. Masks used to have symbolic and functional features.
During the Venice Carnivals in the past the streets of Venice were full of the people wearing masks which allowed them to protect their identity and remove any social differences. Besides, masks allowed a wearer hide his identity during licentious and dissolute activities. The earliest documented mention of people wearing masks dates back to 1268 when masked people were banned from playing various games by law.
In that way mask are essential for the hiding people's identity in the function . So many people following this rule and hiding their identity wearing a mask . The main purpose behind that is to remove social defference and because of mask all people seem like same and all are equally enjoy the party .
There is no class differences came and also the people who are hesitating to enjoy freely in public they can also enjoy with freedom only because of mask which hide their identity.
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